
After reading your postings about 蟹, I recall that we call a kind of small crab - about 2-3 cm only with beautiful metallic colours and only one big pincer/"arm" - 天公蟹 thi*1-kong1-hue7.
Mark, we call scorpion chiu*3_kiat4 (in sandhi). It can be chiu*7 or chiu*5, both have the same sandi (tone 3) in my dialect (同安 Tang5-ua*1). Kiat4 should be a variation of giat4 蝎, unless I pronounce it wrongly.

We call 杜猴 as 土猴 tho`5-kau5, I saw it several times in my hometown but didn't know that it was big cricket (or mole cricket, according to Sim). I heard 蟋蟀 pronounced as ky3(ky4)-sut4, don't know if it's just a variation or mispronunciation.
Domestic lizard: we call it sin7-lang5 or sian7-lang5, others: sin7-thang5, sian7-thang5. Some say that it should be written as 善蟲.
According to Douglas', 龜 ku1 (tortoise) is also used for beetle. We call ladybird 金龜 kim1-ku1.
Bed-bug bak8-sat4 is 木虱. bak8 is wood (lit. bok8). Sim, you pronounce it as bat8 (bat4 in sandhi) may be due to the final -t of sat4. Is this called assimilation?
I think I heard of gu5-pi1 牛? and kau2-pi1 狗? but mostly chau2-pi1 草? - a kind of very small tick that can bite and cause swell, especially to children.
Chy1 sounds more like larva to me. We call mosquito larva cui2-chy1 水? "water larva".
Butterfly is ho`5-tiap8 蝴蝶 in ours. We call another kind - may be moth - ya8. Can ya8 be 蝶 also (compare with 葉)? We call caterpillar kau2-mng5-a4-thang5 ?毛仔蟲.
Sim, cang7 kri1 (cicada) is a loan from Malay "jangkrik". But now I am not sure if jangkrik is cricket or cicada. It's am1-po`5-che5 in E-mng (Douglas'), a1-i5 in Tang-ua*. Katak is indeed frog in Malay but I never heard of puru in Indonesian. And as mentioned by Hong, we call frog 田蛤仔 chan5-kap4-a8. Toad should be 蟾蜍 ciu*1-cy5 (I heard this from my parents but rarely used).
I remember there were a lot of ku1-sin5 (aphids) at our nai2-a4-puat8-chiu7 guava tree. Sim, you surely are very good in English vocab - especially about insects. I don't even know what's ku1-sin5 in Indonesian. Btw, I read that there are certain ants that rear ku1-sin5 as their milk cows - very interesting!
I think chE*1 in "hue1 kim7 chE*1" (firefly) probably is 星 (star). Your Penang poem about firefly is very interesting. Taiwanese call it 火金姑 hue2-kim1-ko`1. We call it ka1-lak4-ke1-a8 but dunno what's the meaning of each morphemes

We call praying mantis tak4-ku1-chi7-a0 (again, dunno the meaning of the morphemes) or literary 螳螂 tong5-long5.
糜 porridge can be pronounced as ber5, be5, bue5, mue5, muai5, mOi5, mui5, etc. Same for 妹 ber7 sister.
We never use 青 chi*1 for green, but blue and cyan. I think chi*1 should be cyan. I read that originally 青 means the colour of nature i.e. mix of blue & green, and in certain context can mean black. 籃 lam5 for us is only dark blue. We always use 綠 lik8 for green.
About tau7-ge5 豆芽, before I knew the correct chinese characters, same as Sim, I used to think that it looked like fang/tooth (牙 ge5) and have the same colour. May be it's quite for us to think that way

Mark, I also think iong5 (strong, healthy) is 勇 (brave).
There is a easy way to learn tone based on animal names:
陰平 tone 1: 獅 sai1 = lion
陰上 tone 2: 虎 ho`2 = tiger
陰去 tone 3: 兔 tho`3 = rabbit
陰入 tone 4: 鴨 a4 (ah4) = duck
陽平 tone 5: 牛 gu5 = cow
陽上 tone 6: 馬 be2 = horse (2nd & 6th tones has merged in Hokkien)
陽去 tone 7: 象 chiu*7 = elephant
陽入 tone 8: 鹿 lok8 = deer
I don't write glottal stop -h because I can't feel it. In my dialect a2 and a4 sound identical but have different sandhis, e.g. 止 ci2 and 接 ci4 (cih4) sound identical but not in sandhi (ci5 and ci8 respectively).